Top Executives Continue Looting Boardrooms, Sacking Workers

With appetites sharpened by 39% pay increases in 1995, America's corporate chieftains went on a virtual no-holds-barred rampage of corporate boardrooms last year to carve out record pay increases of 54%.

According to Business Week magazine, average top executive pay in 1996 surged again -- by 54% to top out at $5.8 million. While CEOs gorged themselves, profits rose by just 11%. And factory workers' pay rose only 3%, falling behind a 3.3% increase in consumer prices. Since 1980, the average CEO has seen pay packages rise 768% to $5.8 million or $2,788 on an hourly basis. During that time the minimum wage grew by only 53% to $4.75 per hour.

The pay disparity between top execs and U.S. workers is widening by leaps and bounds. In 1965, CEOs made 44 times the average factory worker's pay. Today, Corporate America's bigdogs make 209 times the average worker's pay. If chemical workers had received increases comparable to CEOs between 1980 and 1996, they would now be paid $160,500 annually. And oil workers would now average $211,600 without overtime. Even a worker at the minimum wage would now be paid over $60,000 annually.

PAYOFFS FOR LAYOFFS

The Institute for Policy Studies (IFS), which collects data on executive pay and layoffs, notes that over the last four years, executives announcing the largest layoffs have made out consistently well on pay day. While hundreds of thousands of workers were laid off in 1996, according to IFS, the CEOs of the 30 companies with the largest announced layoffs saw their pay increase by 67% -- far above the average increase of 54% paid to the top execs at the largest 365 U.S. firms. The 30 Layoff Leaders fired anywhere from 2,800 to 48,600 workers each. These 30 Pink Slip Pirates shoved a total of 209,015 workers overboard in 1996 and sailed off with a total of $138 million in loot for their efforts.

WHY IS EXECUTIVE PAY GOING INTO ORBIT?

Why does executive pay continue to climb into the stratosphere? Three reasons:

Good Old Boy Executive Boards
The board of directors of a company, which consists of executives and invited friends, is responsible for setting and approving each other's pay packages. In the past, the natural tendency for these people to write each other blank checks was held in check by the fear of public perception and shareholder objections. Because of the rising stock market, and the callousness bought on by a decade of greed, the fear is gone.

More Executives Paid with Stock Options
Stock options allow executives to buy stock in the future from the company at today's price and pocket the difference. If it goes down, the executive loses nothing. If it goes up, the boss can buy it cheap, sell it high and clean up. Today, stock options make up two-thirds of a CEO's pay versus one-third in the 1960s. Since a quick way to jump a stock price is to announce layoffs and restructuring, executives are encouraged to dump workers and cash out options.

The Imbalance of Corporate Power
Workers have less power in today's economy, which means that executives can take far more for themselves. That wasn't always the case. When unions represented a third of the workforce 30 years ago, workers had an effective counterweight to executive greed.

WHAT CAN WE DO TO CLOSE THE WAGE GAP?

Soaring executive pay does not happen in a vacuum. In European nations, where the union movement is generally stronger, the gap between top executives and workers has been held to less than 30 to one. In Germany, the gap is 21 to one. The 209 to one ratio that now exists in the U.S. is a by-product of the shift of wealth and power to corporate boardrooms, the surge in downsizings and layoffs, and the assaults on employee rights that have put the possibility of union representation out of reach for millions of Americans.

The real solution to closing the income gap between workers and corporate bosses is the restoration of political power to workers and their unions. As the two existing political parties continue to undermine these rights, workers have responded by forming the Labor Party which calls for a restoration of workers' rights to organize, bargain, and strike, an end to corporate welfare, and a constitutional guarantee to a job at a living wage.

For more information on CEO pay on the Internet:
AFL-CIO's Executive Paywatch
http://www.paywatch.org
American Compensation Association
http://www.ahrm.org/aca/aca.htm
United For A Fair Economy
http://www.stw.org